PhD Media and Communications

Program Scheme

Program DetailsInformation
Degree Title Ph.D. in Media and Communication[cite: 1]
Level Doctorate (Ph.D.)[cite: 1]
Total Credit Hours 48 Credit Hours (18 Cr. Coursework + 30 Cr. Thesis)[cite: 1]
Duration 3 to 4 Years (8 Semesters)[cite: 1]

Structure of the Scheme

CategoryCourses / RequirementsCredit Hours
Compulsory Courses 5 Courses (MC 7101, MC 7102, MC 7103, MC 7201, MC 7202)[cite: 1] 15 Cr. Hrs.[cite: 1]
Elective Course 1 Course (MC 7212)[cite: 1] 3 Cr. Hrs.[cite: 1]
Comprehensive Examination RES 797[cite: 1] Non-Credit / Pass Required[cite: 1]
PhD Synopsis Defense RES 798 (Target: Semester IV)[cite: 1] Non-Credit / Defense Required[cite: 1]
Doctoral Thesis RES 799[cite: 1] 30 Cr. Hrs.[cite: 1]

Note: Scholars must complete 18 credit hours of coursework in Semester I and II prior to appearing for the Comprehensive Examination (RES 797) and submitting their PhD Synopsis (RES 798)[cite: 1].

Program Roadmap

Semester I

Course CodeCourse TitleTypeCredit Hours
MC 7101 Research Debates[cite: 1] Compulsory[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1]
MC 7102 Managing Information[cite: 1] Compulsory[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1]
MC 7103 Tools & Skills of Social Sciences Research[cite: 1] Compulsory[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1]
Total Semester I Credit Hours 9[cite: 1]

Semester II

Course CodeCourse TitleTypeCredit Hours
MC 7201 Dissertation Writing Workshop[cite: 1] Compulsory[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1]
MC 7202 Research Practicum[cite: 1] Compulsory[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1]
MC 7212 Elective Course[cite: 1] Elective[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1]
Total Semester II Credit Hours 9[cite: 1]

Semester III to VIII

Course CodeCourse TitleRequirement / MilestoneCredit Hours
RES 797 Comprehensive Exam[cite: 1] Mandatory Exam[cite: 1] -
RES 798 PhD Synopsis[cite: 1] Semester IV Target[cite: 1] -
RES 799 Doctoral Thesis[cite: 1] Research & Defense[cite: 1] 30[cite: 1]

Elective Courses

Sr. #Course NameCredit HoursLevel
1 Media Economics[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1] Ph.D.[cite: 1]
2 Media Technology[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1] Ph.D.[cite: 1]
3 Media & Politics[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1] Ph.D.[cite: 1]
4 Media and Gender[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1] Ph.D.[cite: 1]
5 Media & Conflict Resolution[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1] Ph.D.[cite: 1]
6 Media Management[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1] Ph.D.[cite: 1]
7 Visual Communication[cite: 1] 3[cite: 1] Ph.D.[cite: 1]

Detailed Course Outlines

Research Debates (MC 7101)[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Semester: I[cite: 1]
Objectives

Familiarize students with methodologies used to approach issues from multiple perspectives, develop critical thinking to evaluate research papers, and build analytical abilities to write critique reports[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Major Philosophical Thinkers & Viewpoints (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, Wittgenstein, Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, Camus)[cite: 1]
  • Ontology, Epistemology, Methodology, and Paradigms[cite: 1]
  • Positivism / Post-positivism[cite: 1]
  • Rationalism vs. Empiricism, Pragmatism, Idealism, Realism, Materialism[cite: 1]
  • Frankfurt School & Existentialism[cite: 1]
  • Interpretivism / Constructivism[cite: 1]
  • Deductive vs. Inductive reasoning[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Morehouse, R. E., & Maykut, P. (2002). Beginning qualitative research: A philosophical and practical guide. Routledge.[cite: 1]
  2. Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R., & Jackson, P. R. (2012). Management research. Sage.[cite: 1]
  3. Prasad, P. (2017). Crafting qualitative research: Beyond positivist traditions. Routledge.[cite: 1]
  4. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2008). The landscape of qualitative research (Vol. 1). Sage.[cite: 1]
  5. Shusterman, R. (2016). Practicing philosophy: Pragmatism and the philosophical life. Routledge.[cite: 1]
Managing Information (MC 7102)[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Semester: I[cite: 1]
Objectives

Learn how to collect, retrieve, and structure information effectively for research purposes, leveraging modern digital tools, artificial intelligence, and reference management software[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Data modeling and creation of subject-predicate relationship (Nexus Relationship)[cite: 1]
  • Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) & Digital Information Governance[cite: 1]
  • Artificial Intelligence applications in Information Management & Metadata population[cite: 1]
  • Cloud-deployed Information Systems & Integrated Systems[cite: 1]
  • Information Retrieval Techniques, Information Behavior & Ethics[cite: 1]
  • Research Data Management (RDM) & Quality Assessment[cite: 1]
  • Reference Management Software (Mendeley, EndNote) and APA Citation Standards[cite: 1]
  • Scholarly Publishing and publication optimization[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Bytheway, A. (2014). The information management body of knowledge. Springer.[cite: 1]
  2. Ray, J. M. (Ed.). (2014). Research data management: Practical strategies for information professionals. Purdue University Press.[cite: 1]
  3. Baykoucheva, S. (2015). Managing scientific information and research data. Chandos Publishing.[cite: 1]
  4. Bergman, O., & Whittaker, S. The Science of Managing Our Digital Stuff.[cite: 1]
  5. Weinberger, D. Everything Is Miscellaneous: The Power of the New Digital Disorder.[cite: 1]
Tools and Skills of Social Sciences Research (MC 7103)[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Semester: I[cite: 1]
Objectives

Introduce fundamental tools and statistical methods for social science research, providing hands-on data editing, screening, SPSS/NVivo software skills, and mixed-methods integration[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Foundations & Toolkits: Ethics in data handling, introduction to SPSS, NVivo, and Atlas.ti[cite: 1]
  • Quantitative Skills: Questionnaire design, variable definition, screening, descriptive analysis, and scale reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha)[cite: 1]
  • Inferential Statistics: t-tests, ANOVA (One-way, Two-way, Repeated), Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, Pearson/Spearman Correlations[cite: 1]
  • Qualitative Skills: In-depth interviews, FGDs, thematic analysis, grounded theory, credibility & trustworthiness[cite: 1]
  • Qualitative Software Use: Coding, theme generation, and modeling in NVivo/Atlas.ti[cite: 1]
  • Mixed Methods Integration: Pragmatism, combining SPSS output with qualitative insights[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Field, A. (2000). Discovering Statistics using SPSS. Sage.[cite: 1]
  2. Pallant, J. (2013). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS. McGraw-Hill.[cite: 1]
  3. Gaur, A. S., & Gaur, S. S. (1997). Statistical Methods for Practice in Research: A guide to data analysis using SPSS. Sage.[cite: 1]
  4. Nicol, A. A. M., & Pexman, P. M. (2002). Presenting Your Findings: A practical guide for creating tables. APA.[cite: 1]
Dissertation Writing Workshop (MC 7201)[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Semester: II[cite: 1]
Objectives

Provide hands-on guidelines to draft, organize, and revise academic texts, prepare proposals, write research articles, and structure a doctoral dissertation[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Types and general features of scientific writing[cite: 1]
  • Planning, summarizing, organizing, and avoiding plagiarism[cite: 1]
  • Formulating research questions and titles[cite: 1]
  • Differentiating Introduction vs. Literature Review[cite: 1]
  • Writing Methods, Methodology, Research Design, and Sampling[cite: 1]
  • Distinguishing Results section from Discussion section[cite: 1]
  • Data display, transitions, referencing, and proofreading[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Lester, J. D., & Lester, J. D. (2012). Writing research papers: A complete guide. Pearson.[cite: 1]
  2. Cooper, H. M. (1984). The integrative research review: A systematic approach. Sage.[cite: 1]
  3. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage.[cite: 1]
  4. Schimel, J. (2012). Writing science: how to write papers that get cited and proposals that get funded. OUP USA.[cite: 1]
Research Practicum (MC 7202)[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Semester: II[cite: 1]
Objectives

Engage scholars with foundational and contemporary communication theories, peer-review processes, proposal/report formulation, and critical academic presentations[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Integrating theory and research quantitatively and qualitatively[cite: 1]
  • Agenda-setting effects of mass communication[cite: 1]
  • Media Priming & Third-Person Effect meta-analyses[cite: 1]
  • Media Gatekeeping & Spiral of Silence theories[cite: 1]
  • Cultivation Analysis & Framing paradigm[cite: 1]
  • Diffusion of Innovations[cite: 1]
  • Peer review simulation for journal manuscripts[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Stacks, D. W., & Salwen, M. (1996). An Integrated Approach to Communication Theory and Research. Lawrence Erlbaum.[cite: 1]
  2. Preiss, R. W., Gayle, B. M., Burrell, N., & Allen, M. (2006). Mass media effects research: Advances through meta-analysis. Routledge.[cite: 1]
  3. Signorielli, N., & Morgan, M. (1996). Cultivation Analysis: Research & Practice.[cite: 1]
Media and Politics[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Elective[cite: 1]
Objectives

Critically analyze political representation in media, media's role in conflicts, foreign policy, peacebuilding, and democratic processes[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Theorizing Media and Conflict: Paradigms & Perspectives[cite: 1]
  • Media in Total Wars vs. Limited Wars (WWs to Vietnam & Iraq)[cite: 1]
  • Media & Ethno-Nationalist Conflicts (Yugoslavia, Rwanda, Palestine)[cite: 1]
  • Peacebuilding, Truth-Telling, and Reconciliation[cite: 1]
  • Global Media, Foreign Policy, and Terrorism[cite: 1]
  • New Media Wars, Cyber Warfare, and Civil Unrest (Arab Spring)[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Cottle, S. (2006). Mediatized Conflict: Developments in Media and Conflict Studies. Open University Press.[cite: 1]
  2. Carruthers, S. L. (2000). The Media at War: Communication and Conflict in the Twentieth Century. Palgrave Macmillan.[cite: 1]
  3. Wolfsfeld, G. (2004). Media and the Path to Peace. Cambridge University Press.[cite: 1]
Media and Conflict Resolution[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Elective[cite: 1]
Objectives

Examine theories on the causes, dynamics, and resolution of armed conflicts, evaluating media tools for conflict transformation and peace journalism[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Wars and Conflict Theory in the 20th Century[cite: 1]
  • Propaganda mechanics and media effects in violent conflicts[cite: 1]
  • Direct, structural, and cultural violence (Galtung models)[cite: 1]
  • Peace Media & Communication for Development (C4D)[cite: 1]
  • Peace Journalism and Conflict-Sensitive Journalism[cite: 1]
  • Case Studies: Rwanda, Bosnia, Northern Ireland, Middle East[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Nye, J. S. Understanding International Conflict.[cite: 1]
  2. Bratic, V. (2006). Examining peace-oriented media in areas of violent conflict. IPRA.[cite: 1]
  3. Lynch, J. Peace Journalism.[cite: 1]
Media and Gender[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Elective[cite: 1]
Objectives

Understand theories of power, representation, and social identity; analyze gender portrayal across film, news, and digital media[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Applying Foucault & Butler to Gender, Discourse, and Performance[cite: 1]
  • Content Analysis & Semiotics in Gender/Media studies[cite: 1]
  • Media representations of masculinity and femininity[cite: 1]
  • Feminism, Post-Feminism, and Sexual Empowerment[cite: 1]
  • Gender, Sports Coverage, and Advertising[cite: 1]
  • Case Studies: Gender and Media representation in Pakistan[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Gauntlett, D. Media, Gender and Identity: An Introduction.[cite: 1]
  2. Hall, S. The Work of Representation.[cite: 1]
  3. Byerly, C. M., & Ross, K. (2006). Women and Media: A Critical Introduction. Blackwell.[cite: 1]
  4. Shaheen, F. (2008). Glass Ceiling: Empowerment of Women through Media. Women Media Centre Pakistan.[cite: 1]
Media Technology[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Elective[cite: 1]
Objectives

Explore digital competencies, convergent media storytelling, instructional technologies, and modern communication media's impact on education and societal narrative[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Writing for Digital Media & Convergent Storytelling[cite: 1]
  • Broadcast, Print, and Motion Graphics Animation[cite: 1]
  • Blogging, Micro-blogging, and Social Media Campaigns[cite: 1]
  • Social Media Marketing & Technological Revolutions[cite: 1]
  • New Media Theory & Information Technology integration[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Stepich, D. A., Lehman, J. D., & Newby, T. J. Instructional technology for teaching and learning.[cite: 1]
  2. Goel, S. K. Communication media and information technology.[cite: 1]
  3. Liesol, G., Morrison, A., & Rasmussen, T. Digital media revisited: theoretical and conceptual innovation.[cite: 1]
Media Economics[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Elective[cite: 1]
Objectives

Familiarize scholars with economic approaches to media, multi-sided markets, information pricing, and ownership impacts on content diversity[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Microeconomics Review: Perfect competition vs. Monopoly[cite: 1]
  • Economics of Information Goods, Price Discrimination & Bundling[cite: 1]
  • Media platforms as Two-Sided Markets[cite: 1]
  • Supply chain and Integration strategies[cite: 1]
  • Economics of Online Advertising and Privacy[cite: 1]
  • Public policy and social roles of commercial media[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Rysman, M. (2009). "The Economics of Two-Sided Markets". Journal of Economic Perspectives.[cite: 1]
  2. McChesney, R. W. (2008). The Political Economy of Media. Monthly Review Press.[cite: 1]
  3. Evans, D. S. (2009). "The Online Advertising Industry: Economics, Evolution, and Privacy". Journal of Economic Perspectives.[cite: 1]
Visual Communication[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Elective[cite: 1]
Objectives

Equip students with theoretical and practical visual literacy, design principles, typography, and analysis techniques for modern visual platforms[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Principles of Design & Visual Literacy[cite: 1]
  • Composition, Layout, and Typography[cite: 1]
  • Photo Compositing & Adjustments[cite: 1]
  • Illustration & Color Theory Applications[cite: 1]
  • Analysis and Assessment of Visual Artifacts[cite: 1]
  • Professional Workflow & Client Brief execution[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Lester, P. M. (2013). Visual communication: Images with messages. Cengage Learning.[cite: 1]
  2. Ivins, W. M. (1969). Prints and visual communication. MIT Press.[cite: 1]
  3. Hodgdon, L. A. (1995). Visual strategies for improving communication. QuirkRoberts Pub.[cite: 1]
Media Management[cite: 1]
Credit Hours: 3 | Level: Ph.D. | Elective[cite: 1]
Objectives

Equip scholars with strategic and operational management tools to navigate contemporary media markets, creative industries, and digital platforms[cite: 1].

Topics Covered
  • Managing Diverse Media Forms & Cultural/Political Systems[cite: 1]
  • Media & Creative Industry Markets[cite: 1]
  • Strategic & Operational Disciplines for Media Executives[cite: 1]
  • Emerging Media Management & Social Media Marketing Evolution[cite: 1]
  • Media Innovation & Organizational Change[cite: 1]
Key Readings
  1. Chan-Olmsted, S. M. (2006). Competitive strategy for media firms: Strategic and brand management in changing media markets. Routledge.[cite: 1]
  2. Albarran, A. B. (Ed.). (2013). The social media industries. Routledge.[cite: 1]
  3. O'Brien, J. A., & Marakas, G. M. (2006). Management information systems. McGraw-Hill Irwin.[cite: 1]